Hydrocarbon motor



J. G. VINCENT HYDROCARBON MOTOR Filed March 20 Aug. 10

Patented A'ug. 10, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JESSE G. VINCNT, OF DETROT, MSCIEIIG-AN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MTCHIGAN.

HYDROGARBON MOTOR.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors and particularly to the oili1igeystems of such motors.

rllhe invention is of particularly advantageous use in connection with motors used in airplanes, although it is also aiiiilica-ble to motors employed in other vehicles.

The objects of the invention are to provide a construction whereby the oil prnnp and the principal parte ssoeiated therewith in the oil circulatinal system are readily accessible for removal and particularly to enable convenient access to be obtained to a motor mounted in an airplane fuselage, to provide means for regulating the oil pressure in the system, and otherwise to improve the construction of the parts of an oil circulating system.

TvVith these objects in view, my invention is embodied in preferable form in the arrangement and constrliction hercinzitter described and illustrated in the accompanying d rawi n Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a hydrocarbon motor showing' my improveniente applied thereto and talren from one end of the motor, and

Figure 2 is a partly sectional and partly diagrammatic view on a somewhat enlarged scale and indicatin,er the course of travel of the oil.

Referring to the drawings, l0 and 11 indicate the cylinders in the two rows of cylinders of a V-type motor, although the invention herein `disclosed may be applied to motors of other types. This motor is shown as mounted within a cowling 12, a portion only of which is shown in the drawing. This Cowling forms that part of the fuselage of an airplane whichconstitutes the closed body at the front of the airplane adapted to receive the motor and its associated parts. The lower ends of the cylinders are connected to crank case heads 13 which are integral with the upper half 14 of the crank Case within which is mounted the crank shaft 15 of the engine, the bearings of the crank shaft, driving members for the oil pump and other driven elements, and to which is secured the lower half of the crank case having at the lower part thereof a sump body 16. The wall of the crank ease inclosing this sump is bulged out on each side of the longitudinal central line of the motor to provide bosses 17 which are open at their Application filed March 20, 1920. Serial No. 367,444.

outer ends and one of which is adapted to receive a removable casinpr 18 in which is operatively mounted a three-part oil pump 19. ln the other hollow boss. which is directly opposite the boss receivingr the pumpmbasiug, is adapted to be mounted a reu'iovahle Casin 20. rlhese two-casillas constitute covers for the open bosses so as to thereby complete the closed body of the cranlr case, rllhe casing;1 20 is adapted to carry pressure relief and pressin'e regulating means for the oil. supply, details of which will be hereinafter described.

.lt willbe seen that each casing is disposed. at the side of the motor above the bottom line thereof and below and within the verti cal outer plane of the cylinders, so that ac cess to the casings may be readily obtained and they may be easily removed through openings in the side of the Cowling.

`Webs Q1 are formed integral with the body of the crank case adjacent the opening; in which the asinp; 2O is mounted and these webs together1 with the cap or head of the casing; Q0 constitute a chamber E23 for the pressure relief construction. A conduit il/t leads from the pump to this chamber 23. The pump is of triple construction and has three sets of pump elements 25, 2G and 2i' disposed ina line extending transversely of the crank case. shown in Figure 2, the

elements communicate with an inlet 2S a predetermined degree of pressure a spring 32 having also a bearing against a nut 33 threaded into an aperture in the head of the easing 20. The spring; is of such strength that when the oil pressure exceeds a certain amount the valve 31 will `be opened, ijiermio ting1 a portion oit the oil to escape past the valve and into a bypass chamber SLL formed in the casing 20. From this chamber a passageway 35 leads to a passageway 3G which communicates with the oil sump 16. vCointol municating with the chamber 23 inside of the dome 30 is a` port 37 leading into the passageway 35. The pasageway 37 is controlled `by a fixed pressure relief valve 38 in the form ofa needle valve which is threaded into a threaded opening in the cap 22, and is thereby adjustable. This needle` valve is adapted to permit the constant escape of a small quantity of oil past the same back into the sump, the amount of oil thus escapingr beingdetermined by the adjustment of the valve. This needle valve relief .deviceis intended to prevent excessively high oil pressure when themotor is idling` in which condition lhe pressure will not be sutl'icient to open the yieldable pressure relief valve 3l.

The main body of the oil, that is that part of the stream which is not relieved by either of the valves, passes through the strainer into the chamber 23 and thence by aY passageway 39 to a suitable pipe adapted to communicate with an oil manifold 40, whence the oil passes to the bearings.

AThe oil is drawn out ofthe crank case through the openinglll, and thence passes tov the passageway 42. which communicates witlra conduit i-3 leading zto a chamber all formed in thepump casing .18. This chamber contains 'the` pumpelements Q6 which thus serve to draw the oilfrom the front end of the crank, caseand which then forces the oil from that chamber through passagewayet into outlet pipe 46 adapted to lead to the oil supply tank.

The third: pump element 27 draws the oil from the oil pump 16 and pumps it through passageway t5 into pipe 46 which leads to the oil supply tank as before described.

ltwill be seen that by this arrangement a fixed but adjustable pressure relief valve is provided, whichis adapted. to relieve the pressure when ,the motor is idling. It will alsobe seen that such aconstruction and arrangement of the pump and pressure relief devices with reference to the-crank case are provided that both these mechanisms are readily accessible and may be readily removed for repair or replacement.

HavingthusA described my invention, what lclaim is:

l. A hydrocarbon motor having a crank case provided with opposite. openings in the sides` thereof, an oil pump removably mounted in-one opening, and an oil relief mechanism removably mounted in the other opening operatively connected. to said oil pump.

2. A. hydrocarbonmotor provided with a crank case having an opening in one side thereof, an oily pump, the pump casing being adapted to close said opening, said crank case havingan opening opposite the first opening, an oil pressure relief device mounted in said second opening, and carrying apart adapted to close the latter and means for establishing communication between said pump and said relief device.

3. A hydrocarbon motor having a crank case provided with opposed openings through opposite side walls thereof, a laterally removable oil pump mounted in one opening and adapted to close the same, a laterally removable pressure relief device mounted in and adapted to close the second opening, and a conduit establishing communication between the pump and reliei' device.

1i. A hydrocarbon motor having` a crank case provided with opposite openings in its side vvalls, a removable oil pump and its casing` in one opening, a removable member mounted in the other opening and adapted to close the same, a yielding pressure relief device, a fixed pressure relief device carried by said member and operative connections bet veen said pump and said relief device.

5. A hydrocarbon motor having a crankcase provided with an oil sump, an oil pump unit mounted in and ell-tending laterally from said case. said unit comprising three .sets of pumping elements. one o i` said sets receiving oil from the sump and delivering the oil to a source ol' supply. another of said sets receiving oil trom the crankcase and delivering the oil lo the. source of supply, and the third set receiving oil from the source of supply and delivering oil to the lubrication system.

(i. A hydrocarbon motor having a crankcase provided with an oil sump. an oil pump unit disposed horizontally.' in said crankcase and extending laterally therefrom, said unit comprising three sets oi' pumping elements, one of said sels receiving oil from the sump and delivering the oil to a said source of supply, another said set receiving oil from the crankease and delivering the oil to a said source of supply, and the third set receiving oil from the source of supply and delivering` the oil to the lubrication system.

T. A hydrocarbon motor having a crankcase, a horizontally disposed oil pump unit mounted in said crankcase and comprising three sets of pumping elementsT and a source of supply and connections. two ot said sets being adapted to pump oil from the various parts of the crankcase and thel third set receiving oil from said source of supply and delivering the oil to the lubrication system.

8. A hydrocarbon motor having a crankcase provided with an oil sump, a pump unit mounted in said crankcase and extendingr into said sump, said unit including a plurality of sets of pumping elements and a source of supply7 and connections, said unit being ada ited respectively to pump oil from the. crankcase and from the oil sump to said liti lil() source of supply and to pump oil from said source of supply to the lubrication system.

9. A hydrocarbon motor having a crankcase provided with an oil sump, a pump unitmounted in said cranlcase and extending into said sump, said unit including a plurality of horizontally disposed sets of pumping elements and connections whereby the pumpincv elements are adapted respectively to pump oil from the cranlcase and from the oil sump to a source ol supply and to pump oil from said source of supply to the lubrication system.

l0. A hydrocarbon motor having a cranlccase, au oil pump unit mounted in and eze tending laterally int-o said case and having a plurality of sets of pumping elements, oil pressure relief mechanism extending laterally into said cranlrcase at the side opposite said oil pump, one of said sets of pumping elements receiving oil from a source of supply and delivering oil to said relief mechanism, and the others or' said sets receiving oil from said crankcase and delivering cil to said source oit supply.

11. In a hydorcarbon motor having a crankcase having a sump, a pump unit mounted in the sump of said crankcase, said unit comprising means :torl emptying said oil sump and means for pumping oil through the lubrication system, and oil pressure relief mechanism independently mounted in said cranlcase opposite said pump, said pressure relief mechanism being connected in the lubrication system.

l2. In a hydrocarbon motor, a crankcase having a pair of oppositely disposed openings therein, a pump unit mounted in one of said openings, and oil pressure relier" mechanism mounted in the other opening, a conduit in said cranlcase eon'imunicating with said. relief mechanism and means connecting said pump unit With said conduit.

13. ln a hydrocarbon motor, a. crankcase having an oil sump and a. horizontally disposed pump unit mounted in said crankc, se and comprising three sets of pumping elements, the inner set receiving oil from the oil sinnp and pumping said oil to a source of supply, the central set receiving oil from the crankcase and pumping oil to said source of supply, and the outer set receiving oil from the source of supply and pumping oil to the lubrication system.

lll. In a hydrocarbon motor, the crankcase, a pump unit mounted at one side ot the loiver portion of said crankcase and entend, ing into said case, oil pressure relief mecha nism mounted at the other side of the lower portion of the othe' side and extending therei nto, a conduit leading to the loner portion of one end of said crankcase, said pump unit comprising a plurality of sets el' pump ing elements, niieans connecting one of said sets of pumping elements to said conduit and means connecting another of said sets with said oil pressure relief mechanism.

l5. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combif nation with the crank case, the lubrication system, and the oil pump adapted to supply oil to said system, of a bypass device in said system comprising a yielding relief valve to control the higher pressures in the system and a non-yielding relief means to control the lower pressures as when the motor is idling.

16. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the crank case, the lubrication system, and the oil pump adapted to supply oil to said system, of a by-pass device in said system comprising a yielding relief valve to control the higher pressures in the system and an adjustable non-yielding relieit valve to control the lower pressures as when the motor is idling.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature.

JESSE G. VINCENT. 

